Egypt

Two rock-cut temples at Abu Simbel in southern Egypt, built c. 1264 BCE for Ramesses II and his queen Nefertari; famous for the solar alignment that illuminates the inner sanctuary twice a year.

The world's most comprehensive collection of ancient Egyptian artefacts, with over 120,000 items spanning 5,000 years of civilisation; housed in a Belle Époque building in Cairo's Tahrir Square, built 1902.

The last surviving Wonder of the Ancient World: three massive pyramids and the Great Sphinx on the Nile's west bank, built between c. 2580–2560 BCE.

The largest religious complex ever built in Egypt, covering over 200 hectares on the Nile's east bank at Luxor; its construction spanned roughly 2,000 years from the Middle Kingdom to the Ptolemaic period.

The royal necropolis of the New Kingdom pharaohs (18th–20th dynasties, c. 1550–1070 BCE), cut into the Theban hills on the Nile's west bank at Luxor; site of the discovery of Tutankhamun's nearly intact tomb in 1922.

Egypt's most visually dramatic desert landscape: chalk-white limestone formations (inselbergs) sculpted by wind and sand erosion in the Farafra Depression of the Western Desert, about 50 km north of Farafra town.